What is an 808?

The "808" most commonly refers to the Roland TR-808 Rhythm Composer, a drum machine released in 1980. It's not a synthesizer, but a rhythm composer that creates percussion sounds electronically. Here's what makes it so significant:

• Groundbreaking Sounds: The 808's sounds were unlike anything heard before. Its synthesized drums—bass drum, snare, hi-hat, toms, cymbals—were electronically generated, giving them a distinct, often described as "robotic" or "metallic," quality that differed sharply from the acoustic sounds of traditional drum kits. This unique sound became a defining characteristic of many genres.

• Influence on Music: The TR-808 has had a profound and lasting influence on music, particularly hip hop, electronic music, and R&B. Many iconic tracks across genres utilize its sounds. Its impact is so significant that it's considered by many to be one of the most important musical instruments of all time. Artists initially used it because of its affordability and portability, but its distinctive sound became highly desirable.

• Key Features: It used a relatively simple interface, with knobs and sliders to control various parameters of each drum sound. While limited in its sounds compared to later digital samplers and drum machines, its unique sound palette made it incredibly versatile and inspired creative workarounds.

• Programming and Sequencing: The 808 allowed users to program complex drum patterns and sequences, offering a level of rhythmic control that was innovative for its time.

• Legacy: Despite initially being a commercial failure (it was discontinued quickly after its release), it gained popularity years later, becoming a highly sought-after piece of equipment and a cultural icon. Its sounds have been sampled, replicated, and reinterpreted countless times.

In short, the Roland TR-808 is more than just a drum machine; it's a legendary instrument that fundamentally shaped the sound of modern music. Its legacy continues today, with numerous software emulations and hardware recreations keeping its distinctive sounds alive.